FreeCAD: 당신을 위한 3D 파라메트릭 모델링 프로그램

소개

이 글의 목적은 현재 프리캐드에서 누락된 몇 가지 기능을 나열하고 이에 대한 해결 방법을 제공하는 것입니다. 프리캐드에서 특정 기능을 찾지 못하는 신규 사용자에게 도움이 될 수 있습니다.

스케치 작업대에서 해법

번호	누락된 기능	해결 방법
1	대상체에 자동 포착(기하학적 중심, 사분점, 연장점, 교차점)	수동으로 스케치 구속을 적용하고 구성선을 사용합니다. Draw geometry in the Draft Workbench, where snapping to objects is available, then convert to sketch with the Draft Draft2Sketch tool
2	스케치의 도형 및 질량 속성(면적, 질량 중심, 면적의 2차 모멘트 등)을 확인합니다.	Part MakeFace를 사용하여 스케치에서 면을 만든 다음 Part CheckGeometry를 사용하여 해당 면을 분석합니다.
3	3D sketches	Use the Draft Workbench, but 3D drafts can't be converted to sketches (however, they can be used for spatial frame analyses done internally or externally, and for PartDesign AdditivePipe or Part Sweep paths)
4	View section tool showing filled cuts	If the sketch is plane-parallel to one of the main planes of the global coordinate system: use Part SectionCut
5	Diameter dimension with respect to a symmetry axis for revolved parts	Create a radius dimension instead (you can enter the diameter divided by 2 - the calculation will be handled by FreeCAD)
6	Dimension labels adapting to the rotation of the view to be always readable	Rotate the view when needed
7	An option to hide the whole construction geometry in an active sketch	In the Elements window, use the Construction filter, select the construction geometry entities there and uncheck their checkboxes

부품 작업대와 부품설계 작업대에서 해법들

번호	누락된 기능	해결 방법
1	모형의 기하학적 특성과 질량 특성을 확인	FCInfo매크로 Part CheckGeometry 도구 - 면적, 부피, 질량, 길이, 질량 중심, 관성 모멘트, 회전 반경
2	모형(부품 또는 조립품)의 질량 중심을 표시합니다.	질량중심 매크로
3	Clipping plane that doesn't make the model look like it's hollow	Change the Lighting property in the part's view settings to "One side" (very rough equivalent, problem with multicolored parts) Persistent section cut tool - deselect all planes before pressing Close Link Branch - experimental renderer
4	Creation of an axis on the intersection of 2 planes and a plane midway between two faces/points, possibly more variants for datum creation	Macro Intersection Manual adjustment of datum attachment
5	Automated midsurface extraction (for thin-walled parts)	Use Draft Facebinder and then Draft Scale or Part Offset (easier) to make it actual midsurface, apply the workaround for extending faces if the generated midsurfaces are separated and join them with boolean tools
6	비평면(예: 원통형)에 스케치를 투상하기	Curves Workbench애드온의 Curves SketchOnSurface도구 Part ProjectionOnSurface 도구
7	스케치의 어느 부분을 깔판으로 만들지 선택하기	닫힌 윤곽선을 만드는 모든 모서리를 하나씩 선택합니다. 스케치에서 모서리를 선택하고 SubLink 또는 하위 형상 점착제를 생성하고 그것로 새 깔판을 만듭니다. Pad a complete sketch located on the existing face of the model in the opposite direction (towards the existing shape) so that only new faces are created. Then it is possible to select these faces individually and pad them. This method should be used with caution since unnecessary 3D operations may lead to unexpected errors. Thus, it is recommended to use the previous workaround instead. Link Branch - Export Single Geometry and Export Multiple Geometries tools or automatic SubShapeBinder created when edges forming a closed loop are selected from the sketch before padding
8	인접한 면/모서리를 소모할 수 있는 모깎기 및 모따기	약간 더 작은 반경(예: 6.5mm 대신 6.4999)으로 모깎기를 만듭니다. Model these features directly using other operations, such as PartDesign Pocket or already include them in the sketches
9	Variable radius for the PartDesign Fillet tool	Use the Part Fillet tool which supports a variable radius
10	Parametric curves	Macro 3D Parametric Curve
11	Cosmetic threads	Add cosmetic threads on the TechDraw page Model true threads, for holes those can be generated automatically using the Hole tool
12	Partitions (splitting surfaces and volumes with sketches and datum planes while keeping the number of parts unchanged)	Boolean Fragments tool – only splitting surfaces with sketches
13	Guide rails for Additive Pipe and Additive Loft or their equivalents in the Part Workbench	Add-on CurvedShapes Workbench - CurvedArray or CurvedPathArray Add-on Curves Workbench - GordonSurface or Pipeshell Surface Workbench - Filling
14	Twist for PartDesign AdditivePipe or Part Sweep	PartDesign AdditiveHelix (`pitch = height * 360 / twist angle`) Add-on CurvedShapes Workbench - CurvedArray Multisection mode in Additive Pipe
15	Bending existing parts	For sheet metal objects: add-on SheetMetal Workbench - SheetMetal AddFoldWall
16	Pattern along a curve	Draft PathArray tool
17	Cut scope - cut tools affecting only selected part of the model	Different order of operations and use boolean cut on padded bodies
18	Merging adjacent faces	For faces of a PartDesign Body: change the Refine property of the last Feature to `true`, may not remove all the redundant faces For co-planar faces: use Draft Upgrade twice to get a Draft Wire, Draft Downgrade the wire to get a face
19	Datum points from coordinates	Base datum points on existing geometry Create datum points at the origin and change their Position afterwards
20	A tool for automatic creation of ribs (structural reinforcements)	Create ribs manually, wedges (Part Wedge or PartDesign AdditiveWedge) can be used for simple triangular ribs
21	A tool for automatic creation of domes	Create domes manually, spheres (Part Sphere or PartDesign AdditiveSphere) with properly adjusted parameters can be used for simple spherical domes
22	Extending faces up to other faces (useful e.g. when extracting midsurfaces, as mentioned above)	Use the Draft Upgrade tool on the faces to be extended, extend proper edges with Draft Stretch and recreate the faces using Part MakeFace
23	Fuzzy versions of Part Boolean operations (possibility to specify a tolerance for boolean union and other operations)	Add-on Defeaturing Workbench
24	PartDesign AdditiveLoft and PartDesign AdditivePipe with a possibility to use an open profile as the first or last section	Different modeling approaches, e.g. involving PartDesign Pad
25	A tool to sweep a circular profile of a given diameter along a selected path	Draw the circular profile manually
26	Optional local coordinate system display for datum planes	Attach a datum coordinate system to datum plane to see its local orientation

설계제도 작업대에서 해법

번호	누락된 기능	해결 방법
1	Snap to apparent intersections of curved edges, perpendicular extensions, arc extensions, geometric centers and tangent points	Use the other available Draft Snap tools and a more manual approach with construction geometry When working on the XY plane: create a (temporary) projection of the geometry with Draft Shape2DView
2	Keyboard shortcuts for Draft Snap tools	Snaps can be activated and deactivated using keyboard shortcuts but only when none of the input boxes in the task panel has the focus (so the user should click in an empty space of the task panel to be able to use shortcuts for snaps)
3	Automatically change the colors of objects back to 'normal' when removing them from the construction geometry group	Move the objects to a layer with the correct color settings Change the colors manually
4	An option to quickly switch between the three main working planes and their projections at the selected point (for 3D drafting)	Set the Draft working plane to Automatic, and then select any of the standard views: front view, top view, etc. Use the Draft Constrain feature - snaps to axes, not to planes Use working plane proxies
5	AutoCAD와 유사한 명령줄 입력	입력을 위해 FreeCAD 위젯이나 파이썬 스크립팅을 사용하세요.
6	Hatch a region enclosed by wires	Create a face (a hatch can only be applied to objects with planar faces): In case of a single closed wire: set its Make Face property to "true", and its Display Mode to "Wireframe" Upgrade multiple wires two or three times until you have a face, or a single closed wire (see above) If the wires must stay separate, but are connected end-to-end, create a SubShapeBinder from them Trace over the region with a closed wire (not parametric)

기술도면 작업대에서 해법

번호	누락된 기능	해결 방법
1	떼어내서 돌려보기/잘라내고 살펴보기	도구 자르고 떼어내기 를 써서 모델의 일부 덩어리 범위를 잘라내고 살펴 봅니다
2	Auto diameter dimension on side views	Manually add the diameter symbol
3	Manually add geometry to generated views	Cosmetic line tools in Annotations and Extensions, limited Create regular views and Draft views of sketches and Draft objects
4	Shaded views in drawings	Place screenshots of the model on a white background on the TechDraw page
5	Ordinate dimensions	No known workaround
6	Exclude ribs from hatching	In some cases it might be sufficient to use the first workaround mentioned here and manually create a section with a custom cutting line
7	Export of TechDraw pages as PDF without making the text from the template (path text) unmarkable/unsearchable.	Export the page as SVG. Then convert the SVG to PDF by using e.g. Inkscape or open the SVG in a web browser and then save or print as PDF.
8	Box selection of TechDraw objects	Select objects manually, one by one (while holding Ctrl)
9	Modify regular and section views using sketching tools	Manually create and modify the views: If a section view has to be modified, use the Part SectionCut tool or boolean operations to cut the part in the same way as it would be done by the section view tool Use the Draft Shape2DView tool to create a 2D line representation of the view or section view Use the Drafting tools with proper snaps to modify the view Use the Draft Draft2Sketch tool to create a sketch out of the Draft objects Use the Sketcher ValidateSketch tool to make sure that the sketch has no missing coincidences, doubled lines and so on (those issues may impact the face selection in TechDraw) Use the TechDraw View tool to create a view of the sketch in TechDraw.
10	Auxiliary views	Create a standard view from the correct direction. Workarounds for "View normal to a face" may help. Rotate and position the view as needed.

유한요소 해석 작업대에서 해법

번호	누락된 기능	해결 방법
1	Beams with arbitrary cross-section	Manually edit the input file and modify the beam section definition
2	Distributed load on beams	Force load
3	Support for multiple meshes and thus possibility to define contact between touching (not separated) faces	Apply Part Fuse or Part BooleanFragments to assemblies and include small gaps if you want to use contact or tie constraints
4	Advanced material models (hyperelasticity, creep and so on)	Manually edit the input file and add proper keywords for material definition
5	Composite shells	Manually edit the input file and modify the shell section definition
6	Simple creation of node and element sets as well as surfaces	Use node and element sets and surfaces created by other features (material assignments, boundary conditions and so on)
7	CalculiX keyword editor that can fold data lines and allow changes not only right before running the analysis	Simple editor that can open the .inp file before running the analysis, color the syntax and save changes (accessed using the Edit .inp file button in FEM SolverControl window)
8	Meshing with hexahedral elements	Create the geometry in FreeCAD, export it for meshing in external software (e.g. Gmsh or Salome_Meca), import the mesh (e.g. in .inp or .unv format), drag it to the Analysis container and apply constraints to the geometry
9	Multistep analyses (e.g. preload for frequency/buckling analysis)	Prepare the analysis with the first step, write the .inp file, edit it to add definitions of subsequent steps and run the analysis
10	Box selection of geometric entities for constraints	Select geometric entities manually, one by one

전체적으로 소용되는 해법

번호	누락된 기능	요약 설명
1	Improved appearance/rendering of 3D models	Link Branch Rendering in external software such as Blender
4	선택하는 순서가 일관성이 있도록 - 어떤 것은 도구를 선택하여 사용하게 된 후, 대상물을 선택해도 되는 데, 어떤 도구들은 사용자가 형상 요소를 먼저 선택 해야 하는 것	알려진 해법이 없습니다
3	More GUI customization options - pie menus, different icon styles and themes and so on	Various customization packages created by the community Link Branch
4	Advanced selection tools: selection by angle, inverting selection, improved filters and box selection, and so on	Manual selection
5	Assembly workbench with an option to constrain parts to the origin and to datums	No known workaround
6	More texturing options	No known workaround
7	Highlight only the individual PartDesign feature in the 3D View when the corresponding operation is selected in the Tree View	No known workaround
8	Select only the individual PartDesign feature in the Tree View when a corresponding element is selected in the 3D View.	No known workaround
9	Freeform modeling	Model complex shapes in a "traditional" way - e.g. using add-on Curves and CurvedShapes workbenches Sculpt meshes, for example in Blender, and import them into FreeCAD
10	Assembly component generators and calculators for: bolted and riveted connections, shafts, splines, keys, cams, gears (spur, bevel, worm), bearings, springs, belts and chains, pins, o-rings	Fasteners Workbench and Gear Workbench but no design calculations available PartDesign WizardShaft - basic calculations for shafts
11	A tool for kinematic analysis on properly constrained sketches	Python scripting - example
12	GD&T directly on 3D models - MBD approach	Draft Annotation tools

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소개

스케치 작업대에서 해법

부품 작업대와 부품설계 작업대에서 해법들

설계제도 작업대에서 해법

기술도면 작업대에서 해법

유한요소 해석 작업대에서 해법

전체적으로 소용되는 해법