概要
An Ubuntu Snap package, or just Snap is a distribution format similar to AppImage in that it is intended to be a "universal installable package" to deploy software on Linux systems. Snaps were introduced by Ubuntu but they are intended to run on all Linux distributions as long as the Snap daemon, or snapd, is available on the target system.
A Snap package has two main characteristics:
- Programs are sandboxed so they do not interfere with the rest of the operating system.
- Programs are updated automatically in the background in order to get the newest version of the application.
For other ways of installing the software, see Installing on Linux.
Installation
The use of Snaps is experimental. The current Snaps are generated and hosted by volunteers.
On all systems where Snaps are to be installed, the Snap daemon must be installed first. The package is normally called snapd.
Debian/Ubuntu
For Debian/Ubuntu and similar systems which use the APT manager the daemon is installed as follows:
sudo apt install snapd
To install the stable version of the Snap use:
sudo snap install freecad
To install the development version of the Snap use:
sudo snap install --edge freecad
Manjaro
To install the stable version of the Snap use:
snap install freecad
To install the development version of the Snap use:
snap install --edge freecad
Notes
What FC version am I running
To figure out which development version is installed type the following in the Command-line interface:
snap info freecad
Changing between different Snaps
Starting from the tail end of the v0.20 release cycle, the FreeCAD snap maintainers added the ability to test experimental FreeCAD builds. Snaps allow for this by easily toggling between different snaps (terminology is 'channels or tracks'). For example:
Testing the Topological Naming ('toponaming') branch (created at the start of the v0.21/v1.0 release cycle):
snap refresh freecad --channel=latest/edge/toponaming
Using the refresh command will switch and update the snap channel you're switching to:
snap refresh freecad --channel=latest/edge/toponaming
Toggling back to the nightly 'edge' channel:
snap refresh freecad --channel=latest/edge
Advanced
The following commands are geared towards users that are familiar with git and have a locally cloned repository of the upstream FreeCAD repository.
git clone https://github.com/FreeCAD/FreeCAD
cd FreeCAD/
To find out the latest upstream revision number (also known as 'HEAD'):
git pull upstream master # first make sure we have the most up-to-date commits
git rev-list --count HEAD # 'HEAD' refers to the current commit you are viewing (tip of the master branch)
To translate the current snap development version in to a revision number (make sure you're within your cloned FreeCAD repository as mentioned above):
snap info freecad |\
grep -e '^\s\+latest/edge' |\
awk -F ' ' '{ print $2 }' |\
xargs -I{} git rev-list --count {}
Note: the above bash script 1 liner assumes user has 'edge' (nightly) installed
The difference between HEAD and the snap edge revision numbers indicates the amount of revisions trailing behind upstream the snap development (edge) is.
Taking it a step further, if you want a short summary of the commits between the current snap edge and HEAD:
snap info freecad |\
grep -e '^\s\+latest/edge' |\
awk -F ' ' '{ print $2 }' |\
xargs -I{} git log --oneline --ancestry-path {}..HEAD
Note: The output will indicate what commits are not in the current 'edge' (but will be on the next nightly update).
Links
More information about the current efforts to deal with Snaps:
- 0.19 Snap Preview needs "testers", older Snap by vejmarie. (deprecated)
- Discussion: State of the snap (Snap Packaging), newer version of the Snap by ppd. (deprecated)
Repositories
Maintainer(s)
Related
このページは以下から取得されています https://wiki.freecad.org/Ubuntu_Snap